The latest film adaptation of Superman has ignited a heated debate about the character’s origins and the implications of his story in contemporary America. Director James Gunn recently emphasized that Superman embodies the experience of immigration, stating, “Superman is the story of America,” during an interview with The Times of London. This perspective has drawn both support and backlash, particularly in light of ongoing immigration discussions in the United States.
Gunn’s comments, made shortly before the film’s release on March 15, 2024, resonated with many who view Superman as a symbol of hope and kindness. Yet, right-wing media figures quickly criticized the film, labeling it “Superwoke.” Former Trump adviser Kellyanne Conway remarked, “We don’t go to the movie theatre to be lectured to and to have somebody throw their ideology on to us.” Actor Dean Cain, who previously portrayed Superman, expressed skepticism about Gunn’s comments, suggesting they could alienate some viewers.
Despite the controversy, the film achieved impressive box office success, debuting at No. 1 with over $122 million in domestic ticket sales. The film’s performance indicates that the backlash has not deterred audiences, many of whom appreciate the longstanding themes of immigration and identity within the Superman narrative.
Superman as an Immigrant Figure
The notion of Superman as an immigrant is deeply rooted in the character’s history. Comic book historian Danny Fingeroth notes that Superman’s creators, writer Jerry Siegel and artist Joe Shuster, were themselves children of Jewish immigrants who fled persecution in Europe. This background has informed the character’s mythos since his debut in 1938, when he was depicted as a refugee sent from the doomed planet Krypton to Earth.
Fingeroth explains that Superman’s identity as an immigrant is not simply a modern reinterpretation. “It makes him not an immigrant of choice. It makes him an immigrant of necessity…a refugee,” he said. This foundational aspect of Superman’s character reflects the struggles of many who seek refuge and acceptance in a new land. The superhero represents the best of American values, embodying compassion and the fight for justice.
Impact on Immigration Discourse
Advocacy groups and scholars have long recognized the significance of Superman’s immigrant identity. In 2013, organizations like Define American and the Harry Potter Alliance launched a campaign encouraging people to share their immigration stories under the hashtag #SupermanIsAnImmigrant. This campaign highlighted the character’s relevance to contemporary discussions about immigration and belonging, a sentiment echoed by Jose Antonio Vargas, a founder of Define American and himself a former undocumented immigrant.
Vargas noted that the new film and its discussion around immigration have prompted conversations that were previously avoided. “I think for the first time, because of this movie…I have people who have never talked to me about immigration talking to me about immigration,” he stated.
Despite the ongoing debate, it is essential to recognize that Superman’s story is multifaceted. While his immigration narrative is a critical component, various adaptations have at times downplayed this aspect, focusing instead on his heroic feats and adventures. Fingeroth suggests that different audiences may interpret Superman’s identity in diverse ways, depending on the era and cultural context.
The debate surrounding the new film reflects broader societal tensions regarding immigration and identity. With superheroes often serving as representations of the outsider experience, their stories resonate with audiences from various backgrounds. As discussions continue, it remains clear that Superman’s legacy as an immigrant hero remains relevant, inspiring conversations about acceptance and the human experience.
